PRESENT TENSE
The easiest way to
learn how to conjugate Arabic verbs to the present tense is to look at the
table below:
It’s very easy to put hundreds of verbs in the
model above, just replace the numbers with the
three consonants of the verb:
# 2 = first consonant, # 3 = second consonant,
# 4 = third consonant. You will notice that there are some letters before the
numbers 2, 3, 4, you shouldn’t replace the letters, the only thing you should
replace are the numbers, vowels (symbols) + the letters should stay.
For example the verb (to draw) is (rasama رسم ) in Arabic, to conjugate it into the first person singular (I
draw), try to use the form next to ( I do) on the top, which is ,
in other words, always use the Alef أ as a first
letter for the first person singular, then replace the letter # 2 with the
first consonant of the verb you’re conjugating (in our case it’s the verb رسم)
meaning that the number 2 should be replaced with “ر” , number 3 should be replaced with the second consonant which is
س
, # 4
should be replaced with the third consonant which is the letter م . if you followed the steps the right way, then you will end
up having أرسُمُ which means “I draw”, this rule applies to the
trilateral verbs (with some exceptions), you can do the same thing with the
rest, the table below shows how I replaced the numbers 2, 3, 4 with the
consonants ر , س , م)
+ the letters that are unchanged like the Alef أ for the first person singular, the
unchanged ( t ت ) for the second person singular and so on…and the most
important is the vowels or symbols on the top of each consonant.
Please pay extra attention to the harakaat
written in Arabic, the three small symbols ( َ
ُِ ) are very important in the tables below
and above, because they play the role of vowels,
( ََََََََ = vowel a)
( ُُُُُُ = vowel u)
( ِِِِِِِِ =
vowel i or e),
Singular
|
Dual
|
I draw = arsumu أرسُمُ
you draw (singular masculine) = tarsumu ترسُمُ
you draw (singular feminine) =
tarsumeena ترسُمِينَ
he draws = yarsumu يَرسُمُ
she draws = tarsumu تَرسُمُ
|
you draw (dual male or female) = tarsumani تَرسُمَانِ
they draw (dual male or
female) = yarsumani يَرسُمَانِ
Plural
we draw = narsumu نَرسُمُ
you draw (plural masculine) = tarsumuna تَرسُمُونَ
your draw (plural feminine) = tarsumna تَرسُمْنَ
they draw (plural masculine)
= yarsumuna يَرسُمُونَ
they draw (plural feminine) = yarsumna يَرسُمْنَ
|
You can use the table above to conjugate
hundreds of verbs, like (to write كتب) ( to learn درس) (to
dream حلم) (
to protect حرس) …..
However some other trilateral verbs have some slightly
different forms, look at the table below, it looks almost similar to the one on
the top, with one exception, look at # 3, it has a vowel (symbol) different
than the table on the top, the one on the top has a ( ُ ) on
the top of number 3, while the table below has a symbol like
( َ ) on the top of
number 3, basically instead of using the vowel (u ُ ) we will use the vowel (a َ
) with some trilateral verbs, like: to play لعب, to do فعل , to go ذهب , to swimسبح … but the rest of the consonants stay
unchanged.
Finally there is a third table which will
have also a slight modification, on the same place as the one before, which is
under number 3,
instead of adding the vowel (u ُ ) or
the vowel (a َ ), this time we will add the vowel ( e or i ِ )to
some verbs when conjugating them like:
to throw قذف, to hit ضرب, to beat هزم …..