Explanations
One of the meanings of the word al-Qur'an is the Reader. The first revealed word, iqra', is an imperative which strongly and clearly stresses recitation. The Qur'an is revealed in clear Arabic in the dialect of the Quraysh among whom the Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.s.) was born and brought up.
Allah has made it easy to recite and enjoins the recitation of that part of it which is easy for the reciter.
The faithful recite it as it ought to be recited in a clear and distinct manner and with its recitation their faith, trust in their Lord, joy and pleasure increase manifold.
Their hearts witness tranquility.
Allah listens to the recitation of the Qur'an.
Recitation is a sufficient and comprehensive course for guidance because the Qur'an is the criterion of right and wrong.
It is the message of divine mercy, the reminder, the healing, the light, the clear indication, the clear message, an exhortation, the effective wisdom, the fairest of statements and a treasure of knowledge.
The recitation of the Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.s.) was very distinct; he made each letter clear and observed the pause at the end of each ayah.
He was not only very fond of reciting the Qur'an himself but loved to listen to others do so in a melodious voice and commended their endeavors. He even emphasized that the recitation should can be decorated with a melodious voice, and that it should be distinct. He regarded it as an important means of dialogue with Allah. Through it hearts receive purification. It is an act which brings salvation in the Hereafter.
The Prophet (s.a.w.s.) considered the learning and teaching of recitation as a most meritorious act, indicating that each word, even letter, recited would bring ten rewards. He further manifested the categories of those who recite the Qur'an. "The example of a believer who recites the Qur'an is like that of citron which has a pleasant smell and sweet taste. The example of a believer who does not recite the Qur'an is like that of a date which has no smell, though its taste is sweet. The hypocrite who does not recite the Qur'an is like a wild gourd which has a bitter taste and no smell, and the hypocrite who recites the Qur'an is rayhan (sweet-smelling basil) which has a fragrance but also a bitter taste.
The Prophet (s.a.w.s.) promised an elevated rank for those reciters who recite well and who are knowledgeable in the science of al-Qur'an. He even encouraged those who despite their best possible efforts are not able to recite the Qur'an as it ought to be recited. These people would receive two rewards: a reward for their efforts and a reward for their recitation.
The style of the Qur'an is unique. It is neither saj". rhymed prose nor poetry. Some of the characteristics of its eloquence are hidden in its mizan, balance, the use of eloquent words, its aesthetic structure, the relationship between the words, verbal derivations, Izhar, Idgham, Ikhfff, Tafkhim, Tarqiq and madd breakage and division of dyat in a manner resembling rhymes. For example, in Surah Rahman (55) the dyat end with 'an' -'al-Qur'an'. 'al-lnsdri, 'al-Bayan', 'bihusban', 'Yasjuddn', 'al-Mizan' - and in Surah al-Najm (53) the dyat end with 'Ya maqsurah - 'Hawa', 'Ghawa', 'Yuhd', 'al-Quwa', 'Fastawa. All these factors extend strong support in the creation of spontaneous melody providing they are recited by a strict observation of the rules of Tajweed.
Melody is an integral part of the text. It is innate and can be further manifested with a beautiful voice. It has a great magnetic attraction to the human aesthetic sense. This is one of the reasons why it attracts listeners without the use of any musical instrument. Like the style of the Qur'an, its melody is also unique.
The Science of Tajweed has retained this melody. It exists today both in theory and in practice in the manner that it first emerged in the recitation of the Prophet Muhammad saws.
1. The widely practiced science of Tajweed in the Muslim world clearly establishes the promise of Allah (al-Qur'an. al-Hijr 1 preservation of the Qur'an.
2. The word lartil referred to in Surah al-Muzzammil ~5: recitation which cannot be achieved without Tajwid. Ayah 16 of (75) also indicates tartil.
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