Al-Madd, The Stretch

Al-Madd, The Stretch

 Madd literally means stretching. Technically it means an extension to the duration of حُرُوف الْمَدّ Ḥurūf al-Madd, literae productionis, which are three:

• ألف ساكين   Alif Sākin and the preceding consonant carries  فَتْحَة fatḥah.
  
  
• يا ساكينة      Ya' Sākin and the preceding consonant carries كَسْرَة kasrah.

واو ساكينة    Wāw Sākin and the preceding consonant carries ضَمَّة ḍammah